Table 6: Mean altitude and adjusted COPD prevalence by site

 

Mean altitude (m)

COPD prevalence

Crude

Adjusted*

White people only

Mexico City (Mexico)

2240

7.8% (5.9–9.7)

11.9% (11.3–12.5)

12.7% (7.6–17.7)

Caracas (Venezuela)

950

12.1% (10.3–13.9)

13.0% (12.3–13.6)

13.5% (10.2–16.7)

São Paulo (Brazil)

800

15.8% (13.5–18.1)

14.9% (14.1–15.7)

16.2% (13.1–19.3)

Santiago (Chile)

543

16.9% (14.7–19.1)

14.5% (13.8–15.1)

17.8% (15.0–20.3)

Montevideo (Uruguay)

35

19.7% (17.2–22.1)

19.4% (18.4–20.3)

20.3% (17.8–22.8)

p†

0.0001

0.0001

0.01

Data are % (95% CI). *Rates adjusted for age, sex, ethnic origin, education, pack-years of smoking, exposure to domestic biomass and coal pollution, occupational exposure to dust, and body-mass index. †Wald test, taking account of sampling strategy.